Which approach characterized Hoover's early response to the Great Depression?

• A. Laissez-faire and rugged individualism when dealing with the economy.
• B. Massive public works programs funded immediately.
• C. Direct welfare payments to individuals.
• D. Extensive government regulation of prices.

Answer: (A)

Hoover approached the onset of the Great Depression with a belief that the economy would recover if the government stayed out of the way and people took responsibility for themselves. This emphasis on rugged individualism and a laissez-faire mindset meant relying on private charities, local governments, and voluntary cooperation from businesses rather than direct federal aid to individuals. He favored careful budgeting and limited federal intervention, using tools like loans to banks and businesses rather than broad welfare payments. While some public works and stabilization measures emerged later, the early response centered on resisting expansive federal relief and price controls. That combination—minimal direct relief, emphasis on private initiative, and only restrained federal action—best fits the described approach.